Cholesterol in Children
Evidence shows that the atherosclerotic process begins in childhood and progresses slowly into adulthood. Then it often leads to coronary heart disease. Despite substantial success in reducing deaths from coronary heart disease in the past two decades, this disease is still responsible for more than half a million deaths annually. About 42 percent of the people discharged from hospitals for coronary heart disease are under age 65. Many of these adults have children who may have coronary heart disease risk factors that need attention.There is evidence that:
· Atherosclerosis or its precursors begin in young people.
· Elevated cholesterol level early in life may play a role in the development of adult atherosclerosis.
· Eating patterns and genetics affect blood cholesterol level and coronary heart disease risk.
· Lower cholesterol level in childhood and adolescents may be beneficial.
· Cigarette smoking should be discouraged.
· Regular aerobic exercise should be encouraged.
· High blood pressure should be identified and treated.
· Obesity should be avoided or reduced.
· Diabetes mellitus should be diagnosed and treated.
Cholesterol level in children and adolescents 2–19 years old
Total cholesterol level (mg/dL)Acceptable — less than 170
Borderline — 170–199
High — 200 or greater
LDL cholesterol level (mg/dL)
Acceptable — less than 110
Borderline — 110–129
High — 130 or greater